This is a property sometimes used in black and white conversions from a color image. You’ll find it in programs like Silver Efex Pro, Capture One and others, and it changes the way different colors are converted into shades of gray. For example, you can use it to mimic the effect of a red filter in black and white photography, by reducing the strength (sensitivity) of the blue/cyan colors in the image and increasing the strength of the red/orange tones. In the old days, you’d use the Channel Mixer in Photoshop to achieve the same thing in a cruder fashion; these days, black and white conversion tools offer a wider range of colors.
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